Friday, December 2, 2016

Knowing the Perspective of the Texas Tech Community about Black Lives Matter (Edgar Aviles-Rosa)

Edgar Aviles Rosa
Knowing the Perspective of the Texas Tech Community about Black Lives Matter
Abstract
Black Lives Matter is a new Afro American movement. Like the previous Black movements, they are fighting for equal rights for the Afro Americans.  Recently they are doing a lot of protests against the recent police killing incidents toward Afro Americans. Unfortunately, some of them turned violent. The media are giving a lot of coverage to those negative movement incidents, and Americans have different opinions of this movement. Hence, the ESL 5315 class conducted a survey to find what the Texas Tech community’s perception of this movement was. Our data consisted of 293 surveys answered by student or faculty members of Texas Tech University. We found that people from 18-22 years old, and people older than 29 years felt bothered by the movement. Most of the respondents in both categories are also against Kaepernick’s anthem protest. However, almost a quarter of the respondents felt that he has the right to do it. As we expected, most of the respondents did not know what the real purposes of the movement were. Additionally, the majority of the respondents felt that the movement was over exaggerating the police killing incidents, even though, most of the respondents think that not all the incidents were accidental. We conclude that in general most of the respondents were not in favor of the movement. The small sample in this paper, and the unbalanced data between age groups are some of the factors that would not allow us to generalize these results to the whole Texas Tech community. A further survey with a bigger sample, and more questions is needed to be conducted to find if this result are representative of the whole Texas Tech community.
Introduction
During the history of the United States of America, many people have stood to defend an equal treatment of black people. In the 19th century, Abraham Lincoln stood in favor of black people and attained the abolition of slavery in the country. But even though blacks were no longer property of whites, the bad treatment against them continues. They have been victims of violent crimes and, segregation, and they have not the same rights as whites. It was in 1955 when Rosa Parks refused to give her seat to a white person, and at that time an Afro American civil rights movement started. Besides Rosa Parks, Martin Luther King Jr. was the main leader of the rights movement. On August 28, 1963, he proclaimed his famous speech “I have a dream”. In that speech he was advocating for an equal treatment and equal rights of black people. Due to the movement’s efforts and the support of the black communities, improvement on the treatment and rights of black were made.
            Now in 2016, some people are still asking if black people and white people have the same treatment and rights in the United States. Recent incidents between police officers and Afro Americans are making people argue if black people still do not have the same rights as whites. As occurred in the 1960’s, the blacks’ rights movement has surged and a lots of protests are taking place. Unfortunately, not all of the pretests are peaceful and many more incidents between black and police are being reported in the protests.
            Many people are confused about all the recent killings of blacks by the police. The media is giving a tremendous coverage to them and different opinions about the treatment of black people by the police are taking place. Even though police also killed white people, the incidents with blacks are giving the perception that police officers are discriminating against them. For that reason, our goal in this project is trying to know what Texas Tech Students think about all the police incidents with blacks and about the new black rights movement called “Black Lives Matter”. 
Literature Review
Actual Situation
            During the past five years many incidents between police and black people had occurred. The list is so long that to count them all would take several literature reviews. From July 2016 to September 2016, there have been at least four incidents in which Afro Americans have been killed by police. In July at least two incidents between police officers and blacks had been covered by the media. According to Alvarado et al. (2016), on Monday July 18, 2016, an officer in North Miami shots a disarmed Afro American who had his hands in the air. According to the same article, Charles Kinsey was trying to help an autistic man. The man had a toy in his hand and Kinsey was yelling to the police that there was no need for guns. Unfortunately, the police did not hear him and shot him. The most impacting aspect about this article is that when Kinsey asked the officer why he shot him the officer reply to him “I don’t Know” (Alvarado et al., 2016).
            Besides this horrible incident, Emmet (2016), reported another incident of police abuse that occurred previously in Austin, TX the same week. A police officer stopped a teacher for being out of the speed limit and abused her. The article tells how the officer got the elementary teacher out of the car by force, pushed her on the ground, and arrested her. According to Emmet (2016), the officer gave different versions of the incident but neither of the versions matched with the police car video. For that reason, the Austin TX police department apologized to the victim in public.  
            In September, two new police murders were reported. The first one was conducted in a response to a domestic violence incident. When police arrived to the Afro American house the man did not cooperate and the police shot him, because previously he was warned that the man was armed (Ebony, 2016). But the most recent incident toked place in Tulsa, Oklahoma. Polices officers were called for an abandoned vehicle in the street and the police ended up killing the owner of the vehicle (Blau et al., 2016). This incident is still under the investigation of the Department of Justice and this incident has provoked a lot of protests of Afro Americans against the police.
            Even though the medias report more incidents between police officers and black people the statistics tells the contrary. In 2015, 1,502 persons were killed by police officers (Lowery, 2016a). Of those who were killed by the police 732 were white and only 81 were black. Blander (2016) reported that 50% of the persons killed by police were whites and only 26% were blacks. White Caucasians represent the 62% of the population in the United States while Afro Americans only represent 13% of the population. For that reason, when comparing the number of blacks killed by police, the proportion of blacks killed by police is going to be higher than the proportion of whites killed (Blander, 2016; Lowery 2016a). Since 2015 police have killed 175 blacks and 172 whites (Lowey, 2016). Of those 175 person 24 were unarmed and of the 172 persons 18 were unarmed. According to Bandler (2016), the data suggest that more whites and Hispanics are killed by police than black. He established that the probability that a police is going to be killed by a black is higher than the probability that a black is going to be killed by a police.  
            Even though the numbers of whites and blacks killed by the hand of a police officer are similar, statistically black Americans are more likely to be killed by the police (Bialik, 2016). Many investigations have been conducted to determine if there is any police bias against black people. Bialik (2016) suggests that racism could play a role in the bias but other factors rather than racism are also involved, because racism do not explain all the cases. Among this factors are the fact that even though blacks represent a 13% of the population they are responsible for more than 60% of violent crimes (Bandler, 2016). This fact and others makes police react in a different way when they are intervening with blacks. The evaluation of the real factors that are affecting the bias toward blacks are really difficult to establishe due to the lack of information from the police departments (Bialik, 2016).
            Despite the fact that the statistics and some studies revealed that police are more likely to kill black people a recent study found the contrary. Jackman (2016) explains a study conducted among police officers to determine how likely they were to shoot a black person compared to a white one. The officers were subject to a virtual simulation where they were submitted to a real situation they could face in the labor of their duty. According to Jackman (2016) police are more likely to associate blacks with guns, but they are less likely to shoot them. He attributes that to reverse racism. Reverse racism is the phenomena were people are very concerned about social and legal consequences of acting against a racial group (Jackman 2016). 
Black Lives Matter Movement and other activists
After the Ferguson incident, where a black guy was killed by a police officer, a social movement emerged. According to Miller (2016) Black Lives Matter was founded by three women form California. The movement’s objectives are to deal with racism, to promotes the rights of black people, and to promote the fact that blacks should live with respect and dignity. But this group is receiving a lot of criticism. The majority of the critiques are because this group is not peaceful as the 1960s movement was (Reynolds, 2015).
But the efforts of the black community to stop the police abuses do not depend only on the Black Lives Matter movement. Recently Colin Kaepernick, a football player, has knelt down during the national anthem in a football game (Levin, 2016). These actions are motivating other football players and other athletes to do the same protest. Levin (2016), asked Kaepernick about his actions and he replies that it was his way of protesting against the bad treatment this nation gives to black people. Similar to what happened to Black Lives Matter many people disapprove Kaepernick’s actions because some people believe that Kaepernick needs to respect the anthem (Powel, 2016).
Public Perception of Racial Problems
            The public perception of the racial problems in our country is very variable among people. Lowery (2016 b) in his survey found that 58% of Afro Americans thinks that more attention is needed to be given to the racial issue while only 41% of the whites surveyed believe so. The study also found that Democrats are more in favor of blacks than Republicans and that the majority of blacks interviewed think that the president is doing something to help them.
            Similar results have been found when people were asked about the Black Lives Matter movement. Blacks and Democrats are more supportive with the movement than whites and Republicans (Horowitz, 2016; Lowery, 2016). The study also found that even though most the surveyed support the movement, only one third understood the real purpose of the movement.
Objective
            As mentioned earlier, the number of blacks and whites killed by the police are very similar, even though the media and the public perception is that police killed more blacks than whites. Also the public perception of this topic varies a lot depending on the type of person surveyed. For that reason, the aim of this project is to know the perspective of Texas Tech community about this subject. Because our resources are limited, we are not going to be able to have a representative sample of the Texas Tech community, but it would allow us to trace a trend about it. Due to the different news, we have previously cited, we believe that young people would support Black Lives Matter movement, and the Kaepernick anthem protest. Even though they are in favor of Kaepernick and Black Lives Matter we also expect that they will not know the real movement purpose. Also, we are expecting that because of the fact that Texas is a Republican state, the majority of the persons over 29 years old would be against Kaepernick protest and would think that Black Lives Matter is exaggerating. 
Methodology
            To study what the Texas Tech community perspective of Black Lives Matter and recent police incidents with blacks was, we conducted a survey. Both sections of the course ESL 5315 of Texas Tech University proposed several questions for three themes: Black Lives Matter, Social Media, and Parental Leave. The questions were discussed in class and students selected the ones that helped them to prove their hypotheses on any of those themes. Once the questions were approved by the professor and students, each student got thirteen surveys to distribute. Between the two sections we were expecting to be able to survey 300 people.
We all agreed that students were able to be surveyed anywhere as long as they met the established conditions. The first condition was that all students needed to ask at least six American men and six American women. The second condition was that all students needed to guarantee that all the respondents were part of the Texas Tech community. For this research, we focused our attention only on the Texas Tech community. This university is located in West Texas, and has around 33,000 students. The variety of people in it made it a very good place to do a survey. Because of the limited resources, and time, this experimental scenario helped us get a more variable sample. However, this sample is not a representative one of Texas Tech University, due to the sample size and the lack of representative students from all the departments.
A period of one week was given to the students to find thirteen volunteers who would participate in the survey. After all the data was gathered, a Google Sheet was created and shared with all the students by Achintha Bandara. Every student was required to transfer their results to the Google Sheets document and share it with the other students. After all students submitted the information, the data was analyzed using the same program.
            The survey given to the volunteers consisted of four parts, each one for a specific theme. The first part was designed to obtain demographic information of the participant. No personal questions like name or race were asked, to guarantee the participant’s privacy. The second and third part were designed to gather information about the participant’s views of Social Media and Parental Leave respectively. Subsequently, in the last part of the survey were the questions related to Black Lives Matter. This order was deliberately made to prevent any participant from feeling uncomfortable with some questions at the beginning of the survey and stopping his participation.
            Even though the survey consisted of three parts, for the purpose of this paper we only discussed some questions associated with Black Lives Matter. Reports of the other parts of the survey are available in the blog of the ESL 5315 class for reference. We focused our discussion on determining what people think of Black Lives Matter and the Kaepernick protest. Additionally, we discussed if people older than 28 years were likely to believe that the movement was exaggerated and were rejecting Kaepernick’s protest. 
Results
            Our final data consisted of 293 surveys. In general, all the persons surveyed were very cooperative and answered all the questions. Afro Americans did not feel offended when they were asked of Black Lives Matter and racism. Surprisingly, many young people did not know what parental leave meant and asked for more information, but this fact did not affect the current paper. In general students went to their own academic department building or to the student union building of Texas Tech University to find volunteers. The majority of the people in this survey were between 18-22 years old (61.8%), and originally from Texas (64.8%). One of our goals was to study the perception of people over 29 years old; unfortunately, only 30 persons surveyed were in that category. This fact limited the comparisons between age categories and by consequence the conclusions we made.
            We wanted to determine young and old people’s differences in the way they saw Black Lives Matter. We expected that young people would be in favor of the movement, while older people would reject it. Contrary to what we were expecting, people over 29 years were more in favor of the movement than people between 18-22-years. Of all 18-22-years people we surveyed, 40.78% said that the movement bothered them, and 24.6% felt strongly bothered. Additionally, we found that 52% of the 18-22-year-old people category who said that Black Lives Matter bothered them were female. Opposed to those results, only 16% of people over 29 years felt bothered by the movement
            Our third and fourth hypotheses were based on Collins Kaepernick’s protest. Our hypotheses were that younger people would be in favor of the protest while older people would be against it. As what happened with our first hypothesis, our data showed that we were wrong. Only 32.5 % of the people in the 18-22-years category were in favor of Kaepernick anthem protest, while 52% of them rejected it. However, 82% of those who did not approve the anthem protests, believed in Black Lives Matter. Females tended to be more in favor of the anthem protest than males. Females represented the 54% of all people who agreed with the anthem protest. Some respondents did not agree or disagree with Kaepernick protest: instead they selected the option “other’. This option was selected by 24% of the surveyed and some of them wrote a comment to this answer. In summary, they argued that they did not support Kaepernick’s actions but they believed in the freedom of speech he has. We also expected that people over twenty-nine years would be against Kaepernick’s anthem protests. Our results supported our theory. Like what was mentioned above, much of the people were against the protest but were in favor of Black Lives Matters.
            Another purpose of this research was to determine the knowledge of people about Black Lives Matter’s motive or purpose. We expected that people in the category of 18-22 years-old were not familiarized with the movement’s motives. The results confirmed our hypothesis. The majority of the young people said that they were not familiar with the objective or motive of Black Lives Movement. In the 18-22-year-old category, 67% percent of the young people said that they knew nothing or a little about the movement. A similar result was found in the 29-years-or more category, where 73% of those surveyed said that they knew a little or nothing about Black Lives Matter’s motives.
            This survey also had a question that allowed us to know if people believed that Black Lives Matter was exaggerating about the police killing incidents. We expected that the majority of the people over 29 years old would think that the movement was exaggerating. Our data did not support what we expected. We were unable to confirm or deny our hypothesis, because the answer of that questions was almost fifty-fifty. Half of the people believed that the movement was exaggerating and half believed that the movement was not exaggerating or were not sure about it. We also found that even though they were not sure if the movement was exaggerating or not, they did not believe that the police killing incidents were accidental. In the 29 year or older category, 40% believed that the police killing incidents were not accidental.
            In addition to what we were determined to study, this survey gave us extra data we think was good to share. As we expected, the vast majority of the respondents said that they believed that racism was a problem. Of all the people asked, 55% of them believed that Black Lives Matter movement was promoting violence. In accordance with these results, we also found that people thought Black Lives Matter was not going in a good direction. Not all the respondents answered why they believed so, but the one that responded to the question said that the movement was violent. 
Discussion
            In general, the study was done with the purpose of identifying what the Texas Tech community’s perspective of Black Lives Matter was. We believed that the most important finding of this survey was the effect of age on the appreciation of the movement. We were expecting that young people would be more supportive of the movement, but we found the contrary. Surprisingly, 40% of the respondents in the 18-22-years old category responded they felt bothered by the movement while only 16% of the people over 29 years old felt this way. These drastic differences could be due to the small sample of people over 29 years old. The fact that only 30 people out of the 293 surveyed were in this category did not allow us to make a just comparison. With that limited number of people in this category, we were not able to have a representative sample of this group. Additionally, the way the question was designed was not the best way to study our hypothesis. We wanted to know how supportive the people were of Black Lives Matter but the question does not ask this specifically. Instead the survey asked the respondents if the movement bothered them or not. For this paper, we assumed that people who felt bothered by the movement were not supporting it. However, this was not an accurate measure, because a person can feel bothered by something but not necessarily disagree or be against it. The huge media coverage of the recent incident in the movement protest, could have made people feel uncomfortable, but it doesn’t mean that they disagree with the movement’s objectives.  To have a better understanding of the supportiveness that people of different ages have toward the movement, we should have formulated a specific question, and had a larger sample of people over 29 years old. Further experiments with a specific question and more respondents of the 29-year-old category would be necessary to see if the age trend reported in this survey is real.
            The second most significant finding of this survey was the feeling of the respondents toward Kaepernick’s anthem protest. As mentioned before, we were expecting that young people were in favor of Kaepernick’s protest, but the data showed the contrary. Only 32.5% of the respondents in the 18-22-years old category were in favor. We believe that the reason for this is that people in Texas Tech are very patriotic and they have a profound respect for the anthem. This respect for the anthem is what made them disagree with the anthem protest, even though they supported Black Lives Matter. Another fact that supports our argument about patriotism is that most of the students were from Texas, and Texas is a very patriotic state. Additionally, we found that some young people (24%) did not agree with the protest, but believe that he had the right to do it. They all said that they respected his freedom of speech right. Freedom of speech is one of the most valued rights in the United States. For many Americans, the freedom of speech is very important, and if they opposed Kaepernick’s anthem protest they could feel like they are against the constitution of the United States. This could be the reason why some of the people tolerated Kaepernick’s protest even when they did not agree.  These results coincided with a previous article where it was also reported that most of the people disagreed with Kaepernick’s protest (Powel, 2016). To have a better understanding of why people disagree with the anthem protest, future investigations should have more questions related to this theme. This would allow social scientists to have a better understanding of people’s perception toward an anthem protest, and why they think in a particular way.
            Another finding we believe is important to highlight is the fact that the majority of the people surveyed did not know about the movement’s purpose. The survey supported the theory for this question. Respondents in the category of 18-22-years old and older than 29, showed to have little or no knowledge about the movement’s motives. We believe this could be a consequence of two reasons. The first one is that the only thing you hear about the movement is the violent protests that are recently occurring. Secondly, the movement is not promoting or letting their motive or purpose be known to the public. We may hear movement representatives some times in the news interview, but they do not have a concrete way to promote the movement or the movement’s purpose. For that reason, if you want to know about the movement you need to do your own research and learn about it in the internet. As we found in this surveys, Horowitz (2016) and Lowery (2016 b) also reported that only a few people knew the movement’s purpose. For subsequent studies, it would be helpful to include questions about why they don’t know about the movement, and what they believed is the real purpose of the movement. This could give more information about why people are in favor or against Black Lives Matter.
            Our survey also revealed that half of the people believe that the movement is exaggerating and the other half that they are not. However, most of them thought that the police incidents were not accidental. At first hand, it seems that the respondents are contradicting themselves. One possible explication to this result could be the fact that they believed that the movement is exaggerating the amount of cases of police killing, but they believed that the few that occurred are not accidental. But we can’t be sure of this or of any other possible explication of why they answered like that with the information gathered. We believed that the way questions were asked was not very clear to the respondents. Instead of asking them a direct answer (yes or no), the question gave many options, and some of them mean the same thing. Additionally, the question designed to find out if they believed that the police incidents were accidental was a bad one. Instead of giving a concrete answer the respondents were requires to answer the question with a numeric scale. This may have made difficult the respondent’s question interpretation, and the student data analysis. For future investigations, questions need to be written more effectively and we need to give to the respondents more easily understandable answers. With simpler questions, we could get more accurate data that could be analyzed more effectively and precisely.  
Conclusion
            The Texas Tech community perspective of the Black Lives Matter Movement was studied. We found that most of the people in the 18-22 years old category and over 29 years old, felt bothered by the movement’s actions. Most of them are also against Kaepernick’s anthem protests. However, they felt that he has the right to do it, because the constitution of the United States guarantees the freedom of speech right. Additionally, most of the respondents in both categories believed that the movement is exaggerating the police incidents, but they did not believe that all the police killings were accidental. The limited data gathered and the limitations that some of the questions had, would not allow us to generalize our results to the whole Texas Tech community. Further investigation with more respondents and with better formulated questions are needed to have a better understanding of the real Texas Tech community perception of Black Lives Matter.
Bibliography
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Appendix

Thank you for filling out our survey!   (Social Media, Parental Leave, Black Lives Matter)
Demographic Questions:
1.       ___ Undergraduate   ____Graduate    ____ Faculty/Staff/Other
2.       ___ Male      ____Female
3.       Age ____ 18-22      ____ 23-28     ____ 29 or more
4.       Where are you from, originally?   ___ Texas    ___ USA, not TX      ___international
5.       Do you have a child/children? ___ Yes     ___ No
Survey Questions on Social Media
1- Do you use social media as a tool for social change? For example, sharing news, film, or an article that you think is important for promoting social awareness regarding an issue? 
___ Often      ___ Sometimes           ___ Rarely            ____ Never           ___ N/A don’t know
2- How much do you think social media helps you to have a dialogue with the people you don't know? ___ meet a lot of people I didn’t know               ___ sometimes    ___ doesn’t help/rarely   ___ N/A
3- Do you think social media has a positive impact on your social life or a negative impact?
___ positive         ____ negative        ____ N/A, not sure, no impact       Why? 
4. How long do you use social media each day?
____ > 4 hrs/day ___ >2 hrs/day   ____>1 hr/day   ____ >1/2 hr/day     ____ <1/2 hr/day
5. If you were allowed to use only one social media application what would it be?                                 
___ Facebook    ___ Snapchat     ___ LinkedIn    ___ Instagram      ___Twitter       ___ Any other      ____________
6.       What is the social media tool you most frequently use every day?                                                               ___ Facebook        ___ Instagram   ___ Twitter     ___ other: __________________________________
7.  What is your passion for using social media applications?                                                                         
 ___ Checking news      ___ Making new friends      ___ Shopping    ___ Other: _______________________
8. Are you worried about personal privacy being compromised in social media?      
 ___ Yes   ___ No      ___ A little
9. Should the government take to protect the personal privacy in social media?              
___ Yes   ___ No       ___ It depends
10. Do “likes” or lack of them alter your mood?   ___ Yes    ___ No     ___ Not sure   ___ N/A, Never use
11. When reading posts on social media, would you rather use simple “likes” and facial expressions to give posters feedback instead of detailed feelings and comments?
___ Yes    ___ No   ___ It depends    N/A, Never use social media
12. When socializing online, do you find memories are easier to recall when social media posts previous photos and events?        ___ Yes    ___ No    ___  N/A, Never use social media
13. Do you like it when Facebook posts my “memories” or old posts.  ___ Yes   ___ No  ___ not sure/NA
14. Do you think posting violent scenarios in social media sites is controlled enough?
___ Yes     ____ No      _____ Not sure/N/A
15. What is your opinion about using social media during the class for non-class purposes? (choose the best)        ___ always do     ___ do & think it’s ok       ___ do but it’s bad            ___ try to avoid it
16. Do you think social media can be helpful for better studies?    ___ Yes     ____ No
If yes, how does it help?
17. Do you use social media to help you remember things to do every day? ___ Yes   ___ No
18. How do you respond to conflicts in social media?   __ Avoid   ___ Stir up  ___ Work for peace

Survey Questions on Parental Leave
1. Should a parental leave policy be made and mandated by the government?  ___ Yes  ___ No ___Don’t know    
2. If you are working at a company offering paid parental leave, will you take parental leave if your boss and peers do not take it?       ___Yes  ___No   ___Maybe
3. Do you prefer companies with parental leave over companies without parental leave when you look for a job, given that other conditions of the companies are similar?      ___Yes  ___No   ___Maybe
4. Will you support a presidential nominee more than before if he or she announced a proposal of paid parental leave?         ___Yes  ___No  ___Don't care
5. Do you think the presidential nominee will be able to actually make a policy of paid parental leave after he or she becomes a president?               ___Yes ___No ___Depends
6. To what extent do you agree with this statement? “Maternity and paternal leave favors the economy and leads to investment return, as satisfied employees work better and feel more responsible”
1-Totally agree   2-Somehow agree   3-Neutral    4-Somewhat disagree    5-Totally disagree
 7. What do you think the right proportion of the paternal leave is to maternity leave? (Assume maternal leave is 12 weeks and paternal leave 1-2 weeks)
___ Paternal leave is not necessary    ___The existing proportion is sufficient   ___ other/don’t know
___ Paternal leave should be extended      ___ Paternal leave should be equal to maternity leave
8. Do you think that unmarried men would vote for paid parental leave?
___ Yes      ___ No    ___ Maybe    ____ Don’t know
9. Extend the length of paid parental leave for pregnant women, and broaden the coverage of people to paid parental leave. Which is more important?
___ Extend the length     ___ Broaden the coverage    ____ Both equally important   ___ neither
 Survey Questions for Black Lives Matter:
1. To what extent does the #BlackLivesMatter movement disturb your peace?
___ Strongly bothered    ____ Bothered      ____ Not bothered at all    ____ not sure/NA
2. Do you think police stereotype African-Americans with crime more than any other race?
___ Yes       ___ No     ___ don’t know/not sure
3. How familiar are you with the motives of the #BlackLivesMatter movement?
___ very    ___ a little         ___ not much   ___ not at all
4. Do you think that #BlackLivesMatter movement is moving in the right direction?
___ Yes    ___ No       if not explain why?
5. Do you think racism is a big problem in the U.S.?    ___ Yes    ___ No    ___ not sure/don’t know                   

6. Recently Collin Kaepernick refused to stand for the national anthem at football games. How do you feel about his protest and others like it?
___ Agree & support   ___ believe in BLM but not anthem protest    ____  No     ___ Other     
7. Do you think #BlackLives Matter movement will encourage violence against the police?
              ___ Yes   ___ No   ___ not sure
8. Some people argue that the Black Lives matter movement is overly exaggerated by media and thus not necessary. Do you think this movement by black activists is not necessary and that it should stop    [ a] Agree  [b] Strongly agree   [c] Disagree  [d] Strongly disagree  [e] Not sure
9. Several media have reported loss of many black lives that have occurred in due confrontation with Police. To what extent do you think this is accidental?  (5-purely accidental)
  [ a ] 1    [b]  2       [c] 3      [d] 4     [e] 5



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